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Basic Info. Botulinum toxin, or botulinum neurotoxin, is a highly potent neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. It's known for its ability to block nerve functions, leading to paralysis and is the cause of the disease botulism. Botulinum toxin is also used in small doses in medical and cosmetic applications, such as Botox injections for wrinkle reduction and other conditions. ...
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Basic Info. 5-amino-1MQ is a small molecule drug that functions to block the activity of an enzyme called nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). NNMT plays a significant role in metabolism and energy and is predominantly active in fat tissue. By blocking NNMT, 5-amino-1MQ stimulates an increase in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a cofactor that is central to cellular metabolism, thereby increasing metabolic rate and activating a gene called sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). SIRT1 is also known as ‘the longevity gene’ because of its role in reducing the risk of diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis and other forms of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, liver disease, neurodegeneration, and cancer. ...
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Basic Info. EPO injection (Erythropoietin Injection) is a medicine that helps your bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.It is used to treat a type of anemia caused by kidney disease. It is also used to treat anemia caused by cancer chemotherapy and by taking medicines to treat HIV. ...
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Basic Info. Cerebrolysin, a neuropeptide preparation, has been extensively studied in rat models to evaluate its potential in treating neurological impairments. Research indicates that Cerebrolysin can significantly enhance cognitive functions and promote neuroprotection following brain injuries. It is rats subjected to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) were treated with Cerebrolysin. The results demonstrated notable improvements in long-term spatial learning and memory, as assessed by the Morris water maze test. Additionally, treated rats exhibited reduced accumulation of amyloid precursor protein and decreased astrogliosis, suggesting neuroprotective effects. ...
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Basic Info. ARA 290, a Nonerythropoietic Peptide Engineered from Erythropoietin, Improves Metabolic Control and Neuropathic Symptoms in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. ARA 290 has been shown to be effective in the reduction of inflammation and activation of the healing process in a wide variety of preclinical models as well as in patients. With respect to diabetes, substantial recent work has shown that rhEPO can improve the diabetic state in animal models . However, in addition to interacting with the innate repair receptor in a paracrine/autocrine manner, EPO also functions as a circulating hormone via its interaction with the EPO receptor homodimer that mediates hematopoiesis. ...
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Basic Info. Cagrilintide, a long-acting analogue of the hormone amylin, presents a promising new approach to tackling obesity. Unlike many weight-loss drugs that only target one mechanism, cagrilintide works on multiple fronts. It suppresses appetite by promoting feelings of fullness (satiety) and slows down gastric emptying, making people feel full for longer periods of time. Early trials of cagrilintide have shown that it leads to significant weight loss compared to placebo and even other peptides like liraglutide, which is currently used for obesity treatment. In one study, participants taking cagrilintide lost up to 10.8% of their body weight over 26 weeks, outperforming those on liraglutide. Sustained weight loss like this can help break the cycle of yo-yo dieting. ...
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Basic Info. SNAP-8 is an octapeptide widely used in skin care products. It can effectively reduce facial wrinkles, especially on the forehead and around the eyes. It is considered a natural alternative to Botox, which reduces wrinkles by reducing the contraction of facial muscles. It can also bind to neurotransmitter receptors on nerve cells, blocking the transmission of nerve signals, thereby reducing muscle contraction and wrinkle formation. It can also help improve the skin's barrier function, enhance the skin's resistance, prevent skin moisture loss, and maintain skin elasticity. ...
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Basic Info. Mazdutide is a dual agonist of the GLP-1 receptor and glucagon receptor. It is an analog of oxyntomodulin (OXM). The drug is developed by Eli Lilly and is currently in multiple Phase III studies. In May 2025, a result of Phase III study has shown that once-weekly mazdutide led to clinically relevant reductions in body weight in Chinese adults with overweight or obesity. ...
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Basic Info. NAD, the full name of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is an important coenzyme that participates in a variety of metabolic processes in cells, such as energy production, DNA repair, and cell signaling. NAD usually exists in two forms, NAD+ and NADH, which play an important role in electron transfer in cells. NAD is an important coenzyme that participates in a variety of metabolic processes in cells and is essential for health. By supplementing NAD+ or NMN, the level of NAD+ in the body can be increased, thereby improving health and delaying aging. ...
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Basic Info. Alprostadil is in a class of medications called vasodilators. It works by relaxing the muscles and blood vessels in the penis to keep enough blood in the penis so that an erection can occur. Alprostadil does not cure erectile dysfunction or increase sexual desire. ...
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Basic Info. BPC-157 or Body Protection Compound 157, is a synthetic peptide composed of 15 amino acids. It is derived from a protective protein found in the human gastric juice and has been widely studied for its potential therapeutic properties. BPC-157 is known for its regenerative capabilities, with research suggesting its role in promoting healing across various tissues, including muscles, tendons, ligaments, and even the gastrointestinal tract inflammatory diseases. This peptide has gained attention in scientific and medical communities due to its wide-ranging biological effects and potential applications in treating injuries, chronic conditions, and inflammatory diseases. TB-500 is a 43 amino acid peptide sequence. In animal models, Thymosin Beta-4 has been shown to improve blood vessel growth, regulate wound healing, decrease inflammation, and reduce oxidative damage in the heart and central nervous system. Thymosin-beta-4 has a role in protection, tissue repair, regeneration and remodeling of injured or damaged tissues. ...
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Basic Info. Survodutide (also known as BI 456906) is a glucagon receptor/glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GCGR/GLP-1R) dual agonist, jointly developed by Boehringer Ingelheim and Zealand Pharma, and is intended to treat metabolic diseases such as obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Survodutide is a drug with an innovative mechanism of action and is expected to become a potential option for the treatment of obesity and metabolic-related diseases. Multiple clinical studies are underway to evaluate its safety and efficacy. ...
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Basic Info. Composition: It is a fixed-dose combination of the long-acting amylin analog Cagrilintide and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Semaglutide. Mechanism of action: Cagrilintide, as an amylin receptor agonist, can significantly suppress appetite and effectively delay gastric emptying; Semaglutide, as a GLP-1 receptor agonist, can significantly enhance insulin secretion and strongly inhibit the release of glucagon. At the same time, it further slows gastric emptying. The combination of the two is excellent in blood sugar control and weight management. ...
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Basic Info. Pinealon is a tripeptide composed of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and arginine. It exerts neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the activation of ERK1/2 And can stimulate the functional activities of the main cellular components of brain tissue and reduce spontaneous apoptosis. ...
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Basic Info. LIPO-C does not contain vitamin B12. Its main function is to improve the absorption rate of vitamin C and maintain the stability of vitamin C. LIPO-C refers to a product in which vitamin C exists in the form of liposomes. This form helps to improve the absorption rate because liposomes can help vitamin C cross the intestinal cell membrane and enter the blood circulation. ...
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Basic Info. LIPO-C is a health supplement containing vitamin C and vitamin B12, in which vitamin C is in the form of lipids, which helps to improve absorption rate. Vitamin B12 is an important nutrient involved in red blood cell production, nerve conduction and energy metabolism. ...
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Basic Info. Lemon Bottle is a non-surgical cosmetic procedure that involves injecting a solution into targeted fat areas to break down fat cells. It is marketed as a quick and relatively painless way to reduce localized fat deposits. However, there are concerns about its safety and effectiveness,as the exact composition of the solution and the long-team effects are not fully understand. ...
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Basic Info. MGF (Mechano Growth Factor) is a splice variant of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Research reveals it to have positive effects on tissue growth, wound healing, cardiac repair, and skeletal muscle repair. There is good evidence to indicate that MGF improves muscle repair following injury and boosts recovery times following exercise or injury. MGF may even protect vulnerable tissue ag ainst mechanical stresses such occurs during running, weight training, and repetitive motion. ...
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Basic Info. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the trophoblast cells of the placenta. Its main function is to stimulate the corpus luteum, which is conducive to the continuous secretion of estrogen and progesterone to promote the formation of uterine decidua and the growth and maturation of the placenta. Once the embryo implants, the trophoblast cells will begin to secrete hCG, so pregnancy can be judged by the hCG value in the blood or urine. ...
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Basic Info. Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in your body known for its ability to retain moisture. Found in connective tissues, this powerful compound acts like a sponge, drawing in and holding onto water. It’s recognized for its ability to hold up to 1,000 times its weight in water, making it a key player in maintaining skin's hydration and elasticity. As we age, our body’s natural production of hyaluronic acid decreases, which can contribute to dryness and the formation of fine lines. That’s where topical comes in hyaluronic acid by applying it through serums or moisturizers, you can boost your skin’s hydration levels and restore a youthful, dewy glow. ...
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Basic Info. Is a synthetic regulatory hexapeptide of the formula Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg, which is registered as a drug in Russia (Р N001319/01-231209); pharmaco-therapeutic group - means of treating peptic ulcers. Dalargin is interesting in that it is an analogue of two natural enkephalins - methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin, in which the glycine residue in the second position is replaced by D-alanine, and the C-terminal amino acid is replaced by arginine, which is reflected in the name of the drug. Dalargin promotes the healing of duodenal and gastric ulcers, suppresses the increase in foci of necrosis, moderately reduces the secretion and acidity of gastric juice, as well as hyperfermentemia. The drug exhibits a weak hypotensive effect. Dalargin is prescribed for exacerbations of peptic ulcer of the duodenum and stomach, pancreatic necrosis and pancreatitis. ...
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Basic Info. FG loop peptide (FGL) is derived from the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). NCAM is a glycoprotein (a protein that has sugar attached to it) and is found on the surface of nerve cells (neurons) and glial cells (protect neurons). Research shows that NCAM activates FGL which in turn stimulates the production of new projections of developing neurons. FGL also plays an integral role in the formation of synapses between neurons and the proliferation of stem cells – both of these important mechanisms enhance cognitive capacities and protect against stroke and other chronic, debilitating brain diseases. ...
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Basic Info. GLP-1(7-37) is a bioactive form of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a hormone produced in the intestine. It's a truncated version of GLP-1, specifically derived from the proglucagon molecule. GLP-1(7-37) is an insulinotropic hormone, meaning it stimulates insulin release from the pancreas. ...
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